Postprandial Glucose Variability Following Typical Meals in Youth Living with Type 1 Diabetes.

Creator(s)

Susana R. Patton
Simon Bergford
Jennifer L. Sherr
Robin L. Gal
Peter Calhoun
Mark A. Clements, Children's Mercy HospitalFollow
Michael C. Riddell
Corby K. Martin

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-4-2024

Identifier

DOI: 10.3390/nu16010162; PMCID: PMC10781146

Abstract

We explored the association between macronutrient intake and postprandial glucose variability in a large sample of youth living with T1D and consuming free-living meals. In the Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative Pediatric (T1DEXIP) Study, youth took photographs before and after their meals on 3 days during a 10 day observation period. We used the remote food photograph method to obtain the macronutrient content of youth's meals. We also collected physical activity, continuous glucose monitoring, and insulin use data. We measured glycemic variability using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of glucose for up to 3 h after meals. Our sample included 208 youth with T1D (mean age: 14 ± 2 years, mean HbA1c: 54 ± 14.2 mmol/mol [7.1 ± 1.3%]; 40% female). We observed greater postprandial glycemic variability (SD and CV) following meals with more carbohydrates. In contrast, we observed less postprandial variability following meals with more fat (SD and CV) and protein (SD only) after adjusting for carbohydrates. Insulin modality, exercise after meals, and exercise intensity did not influence associations between macronutrients and postprandial glycemic variability. To reduce postprandial glycemic variability in youth with T1D, clinicians should encourage diversified macronutrient meal content, with a goal to approximate dietary guidelines for suggested carbohydrate intake.

Journal Title

Nutrients

Volume

16

Issue

1

First Page

162

MeSH Keywords

Adolescent; Female; Humans; Child; Male; Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Blood Glucose; Meals; Insulin

Keywords

glucose control; macronutrients; pediatric diabetes; type 1 diabetes; variability

Comments

Grants and funding

• N/A/Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Publisher's Link: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/162

Recommended Citation

Patton SR, Bergford S, Sherr JL, et al. Postprandial Glucose Variability Following Typical Meals in Youth Living with Type 1 Diabetes. Nutrients. 2024;16(1):162. Published 2024 Jan 4. doi:10.3390/nu16010162