Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-1-2014

Identifier

PMCID: PMC3946861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.09.042

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess variation in feeding practice at hospital discharge after the Norwood procedure, factors associated with tube feeding, and associations among site, feeding mode, and growth before stage II.

STUDY DESIGN: From May 2005 to July 2008, 555 subjects from 15 centers were enrolled in the Pediatric Heart Network Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial; 432 survivors with feeding data at hospital discharge after the Norwood procedure were analyzed.

RESULTS: Demographic and clinical variables were compared among 4 feeding modes: oral only (n = 140), oral/tube (n = 195), nasogastric tube (N-tube) only (n = 40), and gastrostomy tube (G-tube) only (n = 57). There was significant variation in feeding mode among sites (oral only 0%-81% and G-tube only 0%-56%, P < .01). After adjusting for site, multivariable modeling showed G-tube feeding at discharge was associated with longer hospitalization, and N-tube feeding was associated with greater number of discharge medications (R(2) = 0.65, P < .01). After adjusting for site, mean pre-stage II weight-for-age z-score was significantly higher in the oral-only group (-1.4) vs the N-tube-only (-2.2) and G-tube-only (-2.1) groups (P = .04 and .02, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Feeding mode at hospital discharge after the Norwood procedure varied among sites. Prolonged hospitalization and greater number of medications at the time of discharge were associated with tube feeding. Infants exclusively fed orally had a higher weight-for-age z score pre-stage II than those fed exclusively by tube. Exploring strategies to prevent morbidities and promote oral feeding in this highest risk population is warranted.

Journal Title

The Journal of pediatrics

Volume

164

Issue

2

First Page

237

Last Page

242

MeSH Keywords

Enteral Nutrition; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrostomy; Humans; Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome; Infant, Newborn; Length of Stay; Male; Norwood Procedures; Patient Discharge; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Weight Gain

Keywords

G-tube; Gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy tube; HLHS; Hypoplastic left heart syndrome; N-tube; Nasojejunal or nasogastric tube; PI; Pediatric Heart Network Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial; Principal investigator; SVR; WAZ; Weight-for-age z score

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