Pneumonia-associated acute glomerulonephritis.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2002
Identifier
DOI: 10.5414/cnp57175
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Post-infectious glomerulonephritis typically occurs 7-14 days after an infection. However, in several children we observed acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) to develop concurrently with pneumonia. The objective of the study was to delineate the clinical course and outcome of pneumonia-associated AGN.
STUDY DESIGN: The hospital database was searched from 1984 - 1999 for c+hildren admitted with both acute pneumonia and AGN, each diagnosis having been made within 72 hours of each other.
RESULTS: 11 boys, age 3.8- 12.7 years, were identified. Ten children had lobar pneumonia and I had an interstitial infiltrate. All responded to antibiotic therapy with resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms. Only I child developed an empyema. The mean +/- SD hospital stay was 5.9 +/- 3.9 days. All patients had an abnormal urinalysis with hematuria (gross hematuria in 5), proteinuria and cellular casts. At presentation, 7 children had a serum creatinine > 1.0 mg/dl and creatinine clearance < or = 80 ml/min/1.73 m2; in all, serum creatinine returned to normal and the creatinine clearance was > 80 ml! min/1.73 m2 on follow-up. Nine of the 11 children had a low serum complement C3, 3 of whom also had low complement C4. Anti-streptolysin-O (ASO) titers were elevated in all 10 children tested. Six children developed hypertension and received antihypertensive medications. Only I child was severely oliguric requiring peritoneal dialysis for 4 days. He underwent a kidney biopsy, which showed acute proliferative glomerulonephritis without crescents. Neither a biopsy nor dialysis was performed in the other children. At follow-up, blood pressure, urinalysis and serum complements had normalized in the 9 children in whom follow-up was available.
CONCLUSION: Children with pneumonia who are found to have abnormal urinalysis. hypertension, azotemia or oliguria should be evaluated for concomitant glomerulonephritis. In most children, pneumonia-associated AGN runs a benign course and has a good prognosis, however, in some short-term medical intervention may be necessary.
Journal Title
Clinical nephrology
Volume
57
Issue
3
First Page
175
Last Page
182
MeSH Keywords
Acute Disease; Child; Child, Preschool; Complement C3; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Length of Stay; Male; Pneumonia
Recommended Citation
Srivastava, T., Warady, B. A., Alon, U. S. Pneumonia-associated acute glomerulonephritis. Clinical nephrology 57, 175-182 (2002).
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