Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-2-2017

Identifier

DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0481-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Defects in the human glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthetic pathway are associated with inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-deficiencies characterized by a broad range of clinical phenotypes including multiple congenital anomalies, dysmorphic faces, developmental delay, hypotonia, and epilepsy. Biallelic variants in PIGN, encoding phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class N have been recently associated with multiple congenital anomalies hypotonia seizure syndrome.

CASE PRESENTATION: Our patient is a 2 year old male with hypotonia, global developmental delay, and focal epilepsy. Trio whole-exome sequencing revealed heterozygous variants in PIGN, c.181G > T (p.Glu61*) and c.284G > A (p.Arg95Gln). Analysis of FLAER and anti-CD59 by flow-cytometry demonstrated a shift in this patient's granulocytes, confirming a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-biosynthesis defect, consistent with PIGN-related disease.

CONCLUSIONS: To date, a total of 18 patients have been reported, all but 2 of whom have congenital anomalies and/or obvious dysmorphic features. Our patient has no significant dysmorphic features or multiple congenital anomalies, which is consistent with recent reports linking non-truncating variants with a milder phenotype, highlighting the importance of functional studies in interpreting sequence variants.

Journal Title

BMC medical genetics [electronic resource]

Volume

18

Issue

1

First Page

124

Last Page

124

MeSH Keywords

Abnormalities, Multiple; Child, Preschool; DNA Mutational Analysis; Developmental Disabilities; Epilepsies, Partial; Exome; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Muscle Hypotonia; Mutation; Phosphotransferases

Keywords

Developmental disorders; GPI deficiency; Intellectual disability; PIGN; Seizures

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