Bridging the emergency medical services for children information gap.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-1999
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiological features of pediatric usage of prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) in a defined urban population.
METHODS: Residents of Kansas City, Mo, younger than 15 years who used EMS during the calendar years 1993-1995 were included. In this geographic area there is a single provider of prehospital care; all numerator data were taken from this single source. Denominator data were provided by 1995 intercensal estimates based on the 1990 US Census. Rates were calculated as an annual average and reported as the number of children transported per 1 000 persons per year.
RESULTS: There were a total of 7296 pediatric EMS transports during the study period, for an annual rate of 21.9. Infants younger than 1 year had the highest rate (47.4), followed by those aged 1 to 4 years (26.2), 10 to 14 years (17.5), and 5 to 9 years (17.3). Medicaid was the insurer for half and 27% were uninsured. One quarter of the patients used EMS more than once. Children living in ZIP codes in the lowest median income tertile were 5.8 times more likely to use EMS than those in the upper income tertile (95% confidence interval, 5.4-6.3). One third of all transports occurred between the hours of 4 and 8 PM.
CONCLUSIONS: Children using the Kansas City EMS were more likely to be infants, insured by Medicaid or uninsured, and live in low-income ZIP codes. Further study is needed to determine if this increased usage is due to greater incidence and severity of illness and injury, lack of transportation, lack of education, or other factors.
Journal Title
Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine
Volume
153
Issue
3
First Page
281
Last Page
285
MeSH Keywords
Adolescent; Age Distribution; Child; Child Health Services; Child, Preschool; Emergency Medical Services; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Income; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Linear Models; Lung Diseases; Male; Medically Uninsured; Missouri; Poisoning; Risk; Urban Population; Wounds and Injuries
Keywords
ER services; EMS; Emergency medical services
Recommended Citation
Murdock, T. C., Knapp, J. F., Campbell, J. P., Dowd, M. D. Bridging the emergency medical services for children information gap. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine 153, 281-285 (1999).
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