State of Type 1 Diabetes Management and Outcomes from the T1D Exchange in 2016-2018.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-2019
Identifier
DOI: 10.1089/dia.2018.0384; PMCID: PMC7061293
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To provide a snapshot of the profile of adults and youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the United States and assessment of longitudinal changes in T1D management and clinical outcomes in the T1D Exchange registry.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data on diabetes management and outcomes from 22,697 registry participants (age 1-93 years) were collected between 2016 and 2018 and compared with data collected in 2010-2012 for 25,529 registry participants.
RESULTS: Mean HbA1c in 2016-2018 increased from 65 mmol/mol at the age of 5 years to 78 mmol/mol between ages 15 and 18, with a decrease to 64 mmol/mol by age 28 and 58-63 mmol/mol beyond age 30. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) HbA1c goal of/mol for youth was achieved by only 17% and the goal of/mol for adults by only 21%. Mean HbA1c levels changed little between 2010-2012 and 2016-2018, except in adolescents who had a higher mean HbA1c in 2016-2018. Insulin pump use increased from 57% in 2010-2012 to 63% in 2016-2018. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) increased from 7% in 2010-2012 to 30% in 2016-2018, rising >10-fold in children≥50 years old and diabetic ketoacidosis was most common in adolescents and young adults. Racial differences were evident in use of pumps and CGM and HbA1c levels.
CONCLUSIONS: Data from the T1D Exchange registry demonstrate that only a minority of adults and youth with T1D in the United States achieve ADA goals for HbA1c.
Journal Title
Diabetes technology & therapeutics
Volume
21
Issue
2
First Page
66
Last Page
72
MeSH Keywords
Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Management; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Infusion Systems; Male; Middle Aged; Registries; United States; Young Adult
Keywords
Continuous glucose monitor use; Insulin pump use.; T1D Exchange registry
Recommended Citation
Foster NC, Beck RW, Miller KM, et al. State of Type 1 Diabetes Management and Outcomes from the T1D Exchange in 2016-2018 [published correction appears in Diabetes Technol Ther. 2019 Apr;21(4):230]. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2019;21(2):66-72. doi:10.1089/dia.2018.0384
COinS
Comments
Erratum in