Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-1-2016

Identifier

PMCID: PMC4731126 DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2015020152

Abstract

Childhood chronic kidney disease (CHD) poses multiple threats to bone accrual; however, the associated fracture risk is not well characterized. This prospective cohort study included 537 CKD in Children (CKiD) participants. Fracture histories were obtained at baseline, at years 1, 3, and 5 through November 1, 2009, and annually thereafter. We used Cox regression analysis of first incident fracture to evaluate potential correlates of fracture risk. At enrollment, median age was 11 years, and 16% of patients reported a prior fracture. Over a median of 3.9 years, 43 males and 24 females sustained incident fractures, corresponding to 395 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 293-533) and 323 (95% CI, 216-481) fractures per 10,000 person-years, respectively. These rates were 2- to 3-fold higher than published general population rates. The only gender difference in fracture risk was a 2.6-fold higher risk in males aged ≥15 years (570/10,000 person-years, adjusted P=0.04). In multivariable analysis, advanced pubertal stage, greater height Z-score, difficulty walking, and higher average log-transformed parathyroid hormone level were independently associated with greater fracture risk (all P≤0.04). Phosphate binder treatment (predominantly calcium-based) was associated with lower fracture risk (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15-0.91; P=0.03). Participation in more than one team sport was associated with higher risk (hazard ratio, 4.87; 95% CI, 2.21-10.75; P

Journal Title

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

Volume

27

Issue

2

First Page

543

Last Page

550

MeSH Keywords

Adolescent; Child; Cohort Studies; Cost of Illness; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Male; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Risk Factors; Sex Distribution

Keywords

Chronic kidney disease; clinical epidemiology; Chronic Kidney Disease in Children; CKiD Study; Bone; Fracture

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