Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-1-2017

Identifier

PMCID: PMC5336532 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-016-3512-4

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Clinical care decisions to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a growing child must often be made without the benefit of evidence from clinical trials. We used observational data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children cohort to estimate the effectiveness of renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system blockade (RAAS) to delay renal replacement therapy (RRT) in children with CKD.

METHODS: A total of 851 participants (median age: 11 years, median glomerular filtration rate [GFR]: 52 ml/min/1.73 m

RESULTS: There were 217 RRT events over a 4.1-year median follow-up. At baseline, 472 children (55 %) were prevalent RAAS users, who were more likely to be older, have a glomerular etiology, have higher urine protein, be anemic, have elevated serum phosphate and potassium, take more medications, but less likely to have elevated blood pressure, compared with non-users. RAAS use was found to reduce the risk of RRT by 21 % (hazard ratio: 0.79) to 37 % (hazard ratio: 0.63) from standard regression adjustment and MSM models, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: These results support inferences from adult studies of a substantial benefit of RAAS use in pediatric CKD patients.

Journal Title

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)

Volume

32

Issue

4

First Page

643

Last Page

649

MeSH Keywords

Age Factors; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Male; Proteinuria; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Renal Replacement Therapy; Renin-Angiotensin System; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Time-to-Treatment; Treatment Outcome

Keywords

ACE inhibitor; Chronic kidney disease; End-stage renal disease; Marginal structural model; Renal replacement therapy; Renin–angiotensin system; Time-varying covariates

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