Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2018

Identifier

PMCID: PMC6218860 DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2018010091

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We evaluated and compared the effects of sparsentan, a dual endothelin type A (ETA) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, with those of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with primary FSGS.

METHODS: In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind, active-control Efficacy and Safety of Sparsentan (RE-021), a Dual Endothelin Receptor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, in Patients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-Control, Dose-Escalation Study (DUET), patients aged 8-75 years with biopsy-proven FSGS, eGFR>30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP/C) ≥1.0 g/g received sparsentan (200, 400, or 800 mg/d) or irbesartan (300 mg/d) for 8 weeks, followed by open-label sparsentan only. End points at week 8 were reduction from baseline in UP/C (primary) and proportion of patients achieving FSGS partial remission end point (FPRE) (UP/C: ≤1.5 g/g and >40% reduction [secondary]).

RESULTS: Of 109 patients randomized, 96 received study drugs and had baseline and week 8 UP/C measurements. Sparsentan-treated patients had greater reductions in UP/C than irbesartan-treated patients did when all doses (45% versus 19%; P=0.01) were pooled for analysis. The FSGS partial remission end point was achieved in 28% of sparsentan-treated and 9% of irbesartan-treated patients (P=0.04). After 8 weeks of treatment, BP was reduced with sparsentan but not irbesartan, and eGFR was stable with both treatments. Overall, the incidence of adverse events was similar between groups. Hypotension and edema were more common among sparsentan-treated patients but did not result in study withdrawals.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FSGS achieved significantly greater reductions in proteinuria after 8 weeks of sparsentan versus irbesartan. Sparsentan was safe and well tolerated.

Journal Title

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

Volume

29

Issue

11

First Page

2745

Last Page

2754

MeSH Keywords

Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Child; Creatinine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists; Female; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Humans; Irbesartan; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Spiro Compounds; Sulfonamides; Young Adult

Keywords

angiotensin II; endothelin; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; proteinuria; sparsentan

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