Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-15-2018
Identifier
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-0758
Abstract
PURPOSE: Tisagenlecleucel is an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR19) T-cell therapy approved for the treatment of children and young adults with relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated the cellular kinetics of tisagenlecleucel, the effect of patient factors, humoral immunogenicity, and manufacturing attributes on its kinetics, and exposure-response analysis for efficacy, safety and pharmacodynamic endpoints in 79 patients across two studies in pediatric B-ALL (ELIANA and ENSIGN).
RESULTS: Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify levels of tisagenlecleucel transgene, responders (N = 62) had ≈2-fold higher tisagenlecleucel expansion in peripheral blood than nonresponders (N = 8; 74% and 104% higher geometric mean Cmax and AUC0-28d, respectively) with persistence measurable beyond 2 years in responding patients. Cmax increased with occurrence and severity of cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Tisagenlecleucel continued to expand and persist following tocilizumab, used to manage CRS. Patients with B-cell recovery within 6 months had earlier loss of the transgene compared with patients with sustained clinical response. Clinical responses were seen across the entire dose range evaluated (patients ≤50 kg: 0.2 to 5.0 × 106/kg; patients >50 kg: 0.1 to 2.5 × 108 CAR-positive viable T cells) with no relationship between dose and safety. Neither preexisting nor treatment-induced antimurine CAR19 antibodies affected the persistence or clinical response.
CONCLUSIONS: Response to tisagenlecleucel was associated with increased expansion across a wide dose range. These results highlight the importance of cellular kinetics in understanding determinants of response to chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.
Journal Title
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
Volume
24
Issue
24
First Page
6175
Last Page
6184
MeSH Keywords
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Antigens, CD19; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Immunity, Humoral; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Mice; Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Prognosis; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; Transgenes; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
Recommended Citation
Mueller KT, Waldron E, Grupp SA, et al. Clinical Pharmacology of Tisagenlecleucel in B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(24):6175-6184. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-0758
Included in
Hematology Commons, Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases Commons, Medical Pharmacology Commons, Oncology Commons, Pediatrics Commons, Pharmaceutical Preparations Commons
