Trends in Intravenous Antibiotic Duration for Urinary Tract Infections in Young Infants.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-2017

Identifier

DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-1021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess trends in the duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotics for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in infants ≤60 days old between 2005 and 2015 and determine if the duration of IV antibiotic treatment is associated with readmission.

METHODS: Retrospective analysis of infants ≤60 days old diagnosed with a UTI who were admitted to a children's hospital and received IV antibiotics. Infants were excluded if they had a previous surgery or comorbidities, bacteremia, or admission to the ICU. Data were analyzed from the Pediatric Health Information System database from 2005 through 2015. The primary outcome was readmission within 30 days for a UTI.

RESULTS: The proportion of infants ≤60 days old receiving 4 or more days of IV antibiotics (long IV treatment) decreased from 50% in 2005 to 19% in 2015. The proportion of infants ≤60 days old receiving long IV treatment at 46 children's hospitals varied between 3% and 59% and did not correlate with readmission (correlation coefficient 0.13;

CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of infants ≤60 days old receiving long IV treatment decreased substantially from 2005 to 2015 without an increase in hospital readmissions. These findings support the safety of short-course IV antibiotic therapy for appropriately selected neonates.

Journal Title

Pediatrics

Volume

140

Issue

6

MeSH Keywords

Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intravenous; Inpatients; Male; Patient Readmission; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Tract Infections

Keywords

Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cohort Studies; Drug Dose-Response Relationship; Drug Administration Schedule; Injections, Intravenous; Patient Readmission; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Tract Infections; UTI

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