Severe Acute Respiratory Failure in Healthy Adolescents Exposed to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole.

Creator(s)

Jenna Miller, Children's Mercy HospitalFollow
Jane Taylor, Children's Mercy Hospital
Jennifer Goldman, Children's Mercy HospitalFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-2019

Identifier

DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-3242

Abstract

Pulmonary toxicity induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) has been described, although the disease process is poorly understood. We report 5 previously healthy adolescent patients who developed acute respiratory failure while taking TMP-SMX. Four of the 5 adolescents required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, and 2 of the teenagers died. All children required a tracheostomy, and all cases were complicated by pneumothoraces and pneumomediastinum. The majority of children were prescribed TMP-SMX for the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Journal Title

Pediatrics

Volume

143

Issue

6

MeSH Keywords

Acute Disease; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Respiratory Insufficiency; Severity of Illness Index; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Keywords

Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Respiratory Insufficiency; Severity of Illness Index; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Recommended Citation

Miller JO, Taylor J, Goldman JL. Severe Acute Respiratory Failure in Healthy Adolescents Exposed to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. Pediatrics. 2019;143(6):e20183242. doi:10.1542/peds.2018-3242