Immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-10-2016

Identifier

DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.045; PMCID: PMC4731299

Abstract

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. No vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. We tested the ability of two Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (VEE-VRP) vaccines that express the hRSV or hMPV fusion (F) protein to confer protection against hRSV or hMPV in African green monkeys. Animals immunized with VEE-VRP vaccines developed RSV or MPV F-specific antibodies and serum neutralizing activity. Compared to control animals, immunized animals were better able to control viral load in the respiratory mucosa following challenge and had lower levels of viral genome in nasopharyngeal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. The high level of immunogenicity and protective efficacy induced by these vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates suggest that they hold promise for further development.

Journal Title

Vaccine

Volume

34

Issue

7

First Page

950

Last Page

956

Keywords

Metapneumovirus; Nonhuman primates; Replicon particles; Respiratory syncytial virus; Vaccine

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