Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-12-2019

Identifier

DOI: 10.1177/1179548419842822; PMCID: PMC6463232

Abstract

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) develop pulmonary disease secondary to airway infection and dysregulated inflammation. Therapeutic innovations such as nebulized antimicrobial therapy targeting specific pathogens have resulted in improvements in quality of life and life expectancy. Aztreonam lysine for inhalation (AZLI) solution was initially approved to improve respiratory symptoms in CF patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in 2010 by the Food and Drug Administration. Since then, research broadening labeling and clinical application has been developed. In this review, we analyze published and ongoing research regarding AZLI therapy in CF. A search of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases was conducted to identify publications about AZLI. Three pre-approval studies were identified and assessed. Two are Phase 3, placebo-controlled trials, assessing a variety of safety and efficacy endpoints, leading to FDA approval. The third is an open-label extension of the two previous trials. An additional seven post-approval, completed trials were identified and are included in this review. They represent a variety of study designs including safety and efficacy in patients with mild lung disease and young patients, an active comparator trial vs inhaled tobramycin, an eradication study, a study among patients with Burkholderia cepacia, and a study assessing continuous alternating antibiotic therapy. Finally, five ongoing clinical trials are discussed. Overall, studies demonstrated that inhaled aztreonam is a safe and effective antimicrobial treatment for the eradication of newly acquired P. aeruginosa and long-term suppressive therapy of chronic endobronchial infection among people with cystic fibrosis.

Journal Title

Clin Med Insights Circ Respir Pulm Med

Volume

13

First Page

1179548419842822

Last Page

1179548419842822

Keywords

Cystic fibrosis; Pseudomonas; aztreonam lysine; inhalation

Comments

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

Publisher's Link: https://doi.org/10.1177/1179548419842822

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