Clinical impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on high-risk pediatric patients.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-2019
Identifier
DOI: 10.1017/ice.2019.198
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on high-risk pediatric patients.
DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: Free-standing pediatric hospital.
PATIENTS: This study included patients who received an ASP review between March 3, 2008, and March 2, 2017, and were considered high-risk, including patients receiving care by the neonatal intensive care (NICU), hematology/oncology (H/O), or pediatric intensive care (PICU) medical teams.
METHODS: The ASP recommendations included stopping antibiotics; modifying antibiotic type, dose, or duration; or obtaining an infectious diseases consultation. The outcomes evaluated in all high-risk patients with ASP recommendations were (1) hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection, (2) mortality, and (3) 30-day readmission. Subanalyses were conducted to evaluate hospital length of stay (LOS) and tracheitis treatment failure. Multivariable generalized linear models were performed to examine the relationship between ASP recommendations and each outcome after adjusting for clinical service and indication for treatment.
RESULTS: The ASP made 2,088 recommendations, and 50% of these recommendations were to stop antibiotics. Recommendation agreement occurred in 70% of these cases. Agreement with an ASP recommendation was not associated with higher odds of mortality or hospital readmission. Patients with a single ASP review and agreed upon recommendation had a shorter median LOS (10.2 days vs 13.2 days; P < .05). The ASP recommendations were not associated with high rates of tracheitis treatment failure.
CONCLUSIONS: ASP recommendations do not result in worse clinical outcomes among high-risk pediatric patients. Most ASP recommendations are to stop or to narrow antimicrobial therapy. Further work is needed to enhance stewardship efforts in high-risk pediatric patients.
Journal Title
Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America
Volume
40
Issue
9
First Page
968
Last Page
973
MeSH Keywords
Antimicrobial Stewardship; Child; Child, Preschool; Clostridium Infections; Cross Infection; Female; Hospital Mortality; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Infant; Length of Stay; Linear Models; Male; Patient Readmission; Retrospective Studies
Keywords
Antimicrobial Stewardship; Child; Child, Preschool; Clostridium Infections; Cross Infection; Female; Hospital Mortality; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Infant; Length of Stay; Linear Models; Male; Patient Readmission; Retrospective Studies
Recommended Citation
Goldman JL, Newland JG, Price M, Yu D, Lee BR. Clinical impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on high-risk pediatric patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(9):968-973. doi:10.1017/ice.2019.198
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