Pediatric Mucormycosis: A 10-Year Systematic Review of Reported Cases and Review of the Literature.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-25-2019

Identifier

DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piz007

Abstract

Mucormycosis is a severe infection that affects a variety of patients, including immunocompromised children and neonates. Given improved survival rates from advances in the treatment of malignancies, the population at risk for mucormycosis is increasing. We conducted a systematic review of cases of mucormycosis in children in the English-language literature reported between August 2008 and June 2017 and analyzed the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management, and outcome of those infections. The most common underlying diagnoses included neutropenia (41%), hematologic malignancy (39%), prematurity (13%), and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (11%). Sinus disease (28%) and disseminated disease (24%) were the most common presentations. Rhizopus spp were the most common organisms isolated (22%). Amphotericin B remains the backbone of treatment and was prescribed in 86% of these cases. The resulting mortality rate remains high (32%). We provide here the results of a literature review of mucormycosis in children, including its epidemiology and clinical manifestations, and describe current advances in its diagnosis and treatment.

Journal Title

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc

Volume

8

Issue

4

First Page

342

Last Page

350

MeSH Keywords

Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Databases, Factual; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mucormycosis; Neutropenia; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Rhizopus; Treatment Outcome

Keywords

mucormycosis; outcome; risk factors; treatment; zygomycosis

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