Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery for ICD-10 Administrative Data (RACHS-2).
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-8-2022
Identifier
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.036
Abstract
BACKGROUND: As the cardiac community strives to improve outcomes, accurate methods of risk stratification are imperative. Since adoption of International Classification of Disease-10th Revision (ICD-10) in 2015, there is no published method for congenital heart surgery risk stratification for administrative data.
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to develop an empirically derived, publicly available Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-2) tool for ICD-10 administrative data.
METHODS: The RACHS-2 stratification system was iteratively and empirically refined in a training dataset of Pediatric Health Information Systems claims to optimize sensitivity and specificity compared with corresponding locally held Society of Thoracic Surgeons-Congenital Heart Surgery (STS-CHS) clinical registry data. The tool was validated in a second administrative data source: New York State Medicaid claims. Logistic regression was used to compare the ability of RACHS-2 in administrative data to predict operative mortality vs STAT Mortality Categories in registry data.
RESULTS: The RACHS-2 system captured 99.6% of total congenital heart surgery registry cases, with 1.0% false positives. RACHS-2 predicted operative mortality in both training and validation administrative datasets similarly to STAT Mortality Categories in registry data. C-statistics for models for operative mortality in training and validation administrative datasets-adjusted for RACHS-2-were 0.76 and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.80 and 0.80-0.89); C-statistics for models for operative mortality-adjusted for STAT Mortality Categories-in corresponding clinical registry data were 0.75 and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.71-0.79 and 0.79-0.89).
CONCLUSIONS: RACHS-2 is a risk stratification system for pediatric cardiac surgery for ICD-10 administrative data, validated in 2 administrative-registry-linked datasets. Statistical code is publicly available upon request.
Journal Title
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Volume
79
Issue
5
First Page
465
Last Page
478
Keywords
CHS-COLOUR; ICD-10; New York Congenital Heart Surgeons Collaborative for Longitudinal Outcomes and Utilization of Resources; RACHS-1; RACHS-2; administrative data; congenital heart surgery; mortality; outcomes; risk adjustment; risk stratification
Recommended Citation
Allen P, Zafar F, Mi J, et al. Risk Stratification for Congenital Heart Surgery for ICD-10 Administrative Data (RACHS-2). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;79(5):465-478. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.036
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