Quantitation of Neuroblastoma Markers Homovanillic Acid (HVA) and Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) in Urine by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2022
Identifier
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2565-1_17
Abstract
Neuroblastoma and other neural crest tumors can be characterized by the increased production and excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites. Homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) are important catecholamine metabolites that can be measured to provide relatively rapid laboratory diagnosis and clinical follow-up of neuroblastoma. We present a procedure to quantify HVA and VMA in urine samples which have been diluted to a creatinine concentration of 2 mg/dL. Diluted samples are spiked with deuterated internal standards, acidified, and extracted with an organic solvent. A bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and pyridine mixture is added to the dried extract to create trimethylsilyl derivatives of HVA and VMA. The derivatized compounds are measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Journal Title
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
Volume
2546
First Page
185
Last Page
194
MeSH Keywords
Biomarkers; Catecholamines; Creatinine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Neuroblastoma; Pyridines; Solvents; Vanilmandelic Acid
Keywords
Catecholamines; Dopamine; Epinephrine; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Homovanillic acid; Neuroblastoma; Norepinephrine; Vanillylmandelic acid
Recommended Citation
Beals M, Ramoo B, Clinton Frazee C 3rd, Garg U. Quantitation of Neuroblastoma Markers Homovanillic Acid (HVA) and Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) in Urine by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2546:185-194. doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2565-1_17
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