Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-2023

Identifier

DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.01.003

Abstract

Iodine (I), an essential nutrient, is important for thyroid function and therefore growth and development. Fluoride (F), also an essential nutrient, strengthens bones and teeth, and prevents childhood dental caries. Both severe and mild-to-moderate I deficiency and high F exposure during development are associated to decreased intelligence quotient with recent reports associating high levels of F exposure during pregnancy and infancy to low intelligence quotient. Both F and I are halogens, and it has been suggested that F may interfere with the role of I in thyroid function. We provide a scoping review of the literature on I and F exposure dur pregnancy and their individual effects on thyroid function and offspring neurodevelopment. We first discuss I intake and status in pregnancy and the relationship to thyroid function and offspring neurodevelopment. We follow with the F in pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment. We then review the interaction between I and F on thyroid function. We searched for, and found only one study that assessed both I and F in pregnancy. We conclude more studies are needed.

Journal Title

Adv Nutr

Volume

14

Issue

2

First Page

317

Last Page

338

MeSH Keywords

Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Child; Thyroid Gland; Iodine; Fluorides; Dental Caries; Pregnancy Complications

Keywords

fluoride; iodine; neurodevelopment; pregnancy; thyroid function

Comments

This article is available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license and permits non-commercial use of the work as published, without adaptation or alteration provided the work is fully attributed.

Publisher's Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323000030?via%3Dihub

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