COVID-19 Positive Versus Negative Complete Kawasaki Disease: A Study from the International Kawasaki Disease Registry.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-2023
Identifier
DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03109-w; PMCID: PMC9926414
Abstract
To determine clinical differences for children with complete Kawasaki disease (KD) with and without evidence of preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection. From January 2020, contemporaneous patients with complete KD criteria were classified as either SARS-CoV-2 positive (KDCOVID+; confirmed household exposure, positive PCR and/or serology) or SARS-CoV-2 negative (KDCOVID-; negative testing and no exposure) and compared. Of 744 patients in the International Kawasaki Disease Registry, 52 were KDCOVID- and 61 were KDCOVID+. KDCOVID+ patients were older (median 5.5 vs. 3.7 years; p < 0.001), and all additionally met diagnostic criteria for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). They were more likely to have abdominal pain (60% vs. 35%; p = 0.008) and headache (38% vs. 10%; p < 0.001) and had significantly higher CRP, troponin, and BUN/creatinine, and lower hemoglobin, platelets, and lymphocytes. KDCOVID+ patients were more likely to have shock (41% vs. 6%; p < 0.001), ICU admission (62% vs. 10%; p < 0.001), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (mean lowest LVEF 53% vs. 60%; p < 0.001), and to have received inotropic support (60% vs. 10%; p < 0.001). Both groups received IVIG (2 doses in 22% vs. 18%; p = 0.63), but KDCOVID+ were more likely to have received steroids (85% vs. 35%; p < 0.001) and anakinra (60% vs. 10%; p = 0.002). KDCOVID- patients were more likely to have medium/large coronary artery aneurysms (CAA, 12% vs. 0%; p = 0.01). KDCOVID+ patients differ from KDCOVID-, have more severe disease, and greater evidence of myocardial involvement and cardiovascular dysfunction rather than CAA. These patients may be a distinct KD phenotype in the presence of a prevalent specific trigger.
Journal Title
Pediatric cardiology
Volume
44
Issue
6
First Page
1373
Last Page
1381
MeSH Keywords
Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Registries
Keywords
COVID-19; Kawasaki; MIS-C; MIS-C with KD phenotype; SARS-CoV-2
Recommended Citation
Jose J, Tierney ESS, Harahsheh AS, et al. COVID-19 Positive Versus Negative Complete Kawasaki Disease: A Study from the International Kawasaki Disease Registry. Pediatr Cardiol. 2023;44(6):1373-1381. doi:10.1007/s00246-023-03109-w
COinS
Comments
Grant support