Unraveling the complexity of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma using multimodal machine learning analysis.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-3-2024

Identifier

DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae015

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence can have positive and negative effects on the body, including aiding in damage repair and facilitating tumor growth. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), the most common pediatric sellar/suprasellar brain tumor, poses significant treatment challenges. Recent studies suggest that senescent cells in ACP tumors may contribute to tumor growth and invasion by releasing a senesecence-associated secretory phenotype. However, a detailed analysis of these characteristics has yet to be completed.

METHODS: We analyzed primary tissue samples from ACP patients using single-cell, single-nuclei, and spatial RNA sequencing. We performed various analyses, including gene expression clustering, inferred senescence cells from gene expression, and conducted cytokine signaling inference. We utilized LASSO to select essential gene expression pathways associated with senescence. Finally, we validated our findings through immunostaining.

RESULTS: We observed significant diversity in gene expression and tissue structure. Key factors such as NFKB, RELA, and SP1 are essential in regulating gene expression, while senescence markers are present throughout the tissue. SPP1 is the most significant cytokine signaling network among ACP cells, while the Wnt signaling pathway predominantly occurs between epithelial and glial cells. Our research has identified links between senescence-associated features and pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MYC, FZD, and Hedgehog, with increased P53 expression associated with senescence in these cells.

CONCLUSIONS: A complex interplay between cellular senescence, cytokine signaling, and gene expression pathways underlies ACP development. Further research is crucial to understand how these elements interact to create novel therapeutic approaches for patients with ACP.

Journal Title

Neuro Oncol

Volume

26

Issue

6

First Page

1109

Last Page

1123

MeSH Keywords

Humans; Craniopharyngioma; Pituitary Neoplasms; Cellular Senescence; Machine Learning; Biomarkers, Tumor; Phenotype; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Child; Male; Female

Keywords

adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP); machine learning; next generation sequencing; pediatric neuro-oncology; senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)

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