Document Type

Article

Publication Date

7-2024

Identifier

DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12257

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: A constitutional disease-causing variant (DCV) in the SMAD4 or BMPR1A genes is present in 40%-60% of patients with juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS). The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical course and polyp burden in children with DCV-positive JPS compared to DCV-negative JPS.

METHODS: Demographic, clinical, genetic, and endoscopic data of children with JPS were compiled from eight international centers in the ESPHGAN/NASPGHAN polyposis working group.

RESULTS: A total of 124 children with JPS were included: 69 (56%) DCV-negative and 55 (44%) DCV-positive (53% SMAD4 and 47% BMPR1A) with a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 4 (2.8-6.4) years. DCV-positive children were diagnosed at an older age compared to DCV-negative children [12 (8-15.7) years vs. 5 (4-7) years, respectively, p < 0.001], had a higher frequency of family history of polyposis syndromes (50.9% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.001), experienced a greater frequency of extraintestinal manifestations (27.3% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.001), and underwent more gastrointestinal surgeries (16.4% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.002). The incidence rate ratio for the development of new colonic polyps was 6.15 (95% confidence interval 3.93-9.63, p < 0.001) in the DCV-positive group compared to the DCV-negative group, with an average of 12.2 versus 2 new polyps for every year of follow-up. There was no difference in the burden of polyps between patients with SMAD4 and BMPR1A mutations.

CONCLUSIONS: This largest international cohort of pediatric JPS revealed that DCV-positive and DCV-negative children exhibit distinct clinical phenotype. These findings suggest a potential need of differentiated surveillance strategies based upon mutation status.

Journal Title

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition

Volume

79

Issue

1

First Page

161

Last Page

167

MeSH Keywords

Humans; Smad4 Protein; Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I; Child; Male; Female; Intestinal Polyposis; Adolescent; Phenotype; Mutation; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary; Child, Preschool; Follow-Up Studies

Keywords

JPS; hamartomatous‐polyp; pediatric

Comments

Grants and funding

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

Publisher's Link: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpn3.12257

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