Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity Discrimination and Chronic Pain in Children: A National Study.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-2024
Identifier
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.03.010
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study provides national estimates of parental perceived child sexual orientation or gender minority (SGM) discrimination and examines associations between SGM discrimination and chronic pain in children.
METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of the 2020 and 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (N=47,213). Caregivers of children ages 6-17 years old reported whether their child had ever been treated or judged unfairly (i.e., discrimination) because of their SGM identity. Chronic pain in children was defined as frequent or chronic difficulty with repeated or chronic physical pain during the past 12 months, as reported by caregivers. Weighted prevalence estimates for discrimination were calculated for the whole sample and sociodemographic subgroups. Associations between SGM discrimination and chronic pain were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Analyses were conducted 2022-2023.
RESULTS: Within this nationally representative sample, parents reported 1.4% (95% CI 1.2%-1.6%) of children have experienced SGM-related discrimination. The prevalence was higher among adolescents, females at birth, and those living in suburban areas. Children who experienced discrimination had a higher prevalence of chronic pain (20.2%) compared to those who did not (7.0%, p<0.0001), with an adjusted prevalence rate ratio of 2.0 (95% CI 1.5-2.5, p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on parent report, about 0.6 million children in the U.S. have experienced SGM-based discrimination; these children are twice as likely to have chronic pain. Findings highlight the importance of assessment and intervention for chronic pain in children who may experience marginalization and discrimination due to their sexual orientation and gender identity.
Journal Title
American journal of preventive medicine
Volume
67
Issue
2
First Page
175
Last Page
183
MeSH Keywords
Humans; Male; Female; Child; Chronic Pain; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual Behavior; United States; Gender Identity; Prevalence; Parents
Keywords
Chronic Pain; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual Behavior; United States; Gender Identity; Prevalence; Parents
Recommended Citation
Weiss KE, Li R, Chen D, Palermo TM, Scheurich JA, Groenewald CB. Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity Discrimination and Chronic Pain in Children: A National Study. Am J Prev Med. 2024;67(2):175-183. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2024.03.010
COinS
