Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-19-2025

Identifier

DOI: 10.3390/cancers18010007; PMCID: PMC12784938

Abstract

Background: Survival among children and adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer has improved substantially over recent decades; however, dominant survivorship models remain reactive-activated post-treatment and anchored to static exposure- and organ-based screening. This design underuses the anticipatory window at diagnosis and overlooks environmental and social determinants that modulate outcomes across the life course. Methods: We narratively reviewed international frameworks including the Children's Oncology Group (COG), the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG), the Pan-European Network for Care of Survivors after Childhood and Adolescent Cancer (PanCare) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and synthesized evidence on environmental determinants, exposomics, toxicogenomics, and implementation. Building on two decades of real-world practice, we describe the evolution from the Pediatric Environmental History (PEHis) to the Ambiomic Health Compass (AHC), integrating genomic, exposomic, geospatial, clinical, and biomonitoring layers into routine care. In this framework, survivorship is conceptualized as beginning at the time of cancer diagnosis ("day 0"). Results: PEHis operationalizes guideline-based care with structured environmental and social assessment, personalized plans, and community integration, contributing to improved survival, healthier behaviors, reduced treatment-related mortality and stronger oncology-primary-care coordination. AHC extends PEHis with dynamic risk recalibration, contextual alerts, targeted biomonitoring, and toxicogenomic interpretation, enabling anticipatory decisions from day 0. The manuscript summarizes the paradigm shift (current vs. Ambiomic models), the domain-specific expansion over existing guidelines, the core clinical/system tools, and time-bound metrics (12, 24, 60 months) to support implementation and evaluation. Conclusions: Survivorship should move upstream-from late surveillance to ambiomic, exposure-aware care beginning at diagnosis. Integrating advanced exposomics, mutational epidemiology, and explainable analytics can reduce preventable events and chronicity, enhance equity, and align pediatric oncology with planetary health. The PEHis-AHC continuum offers a scalable blueprint for next-generation survivorship programs in Europe and beyond. Ambiomic medicine does not replace precision medicine-it completes and extends it by integrating exposomics, social context, and anticipatory analytics from day 0.

Journal Title

Cancers (Basel)

Volume

18

Issue

1

PubMed ID

41514520

Keywords

AYA oncology; ambiomic medicine; chronic diseases; environmental health; equity; exposome; late effects; pediatric cancer; survivorship care model

Comments

Grants and funding

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.

Publisher's Link: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/18/1/7

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