BYOS: Build Your Own Simulator - Creation of Specialized Surgical Simulations Using AI Segmentation and 3D Printing
Publication Date
5-2026
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Abstract
Aim: Minimally invasive surgery in children frequently involves performing complex tasks within a confined space. Skills obtained in general surgery training are not always transferable to specialized technical aspects of pediatric procedures. We describe an expedited workflow for designing and creating tailored simulations for pediatric procedures.. Methods: An anonymized infant thoracoabdominal CT scan was imported into 3D Slicer (Slicer.org). An AI segmentation algorithm was then applied to the images (TotalSegmentator) for rapid modeling of anatomic structures. After post-processing, relevant models were exported as .STL files and uploaded into slicer software for further modification and printing using fused deposition modeling (FDM) or stereolithography (SLA). Materials were selected based on the desired properties of the simulated tissue. For structures not printable with thermoplastics or resin, (skin and subcutaneous tissue), the models were used to generate negative silicone molds. Incorporation of mechanical elements (magnets, hinges) was done using Autodesk Fusion 360. Results: AI modeling of all structures was performed in approximately 67 seconds. Printing time for individual components was approximately 8-16 hours depending on materials used. A non-linear cut was placed through the thoracic model to allow for fixation of simulated or animal tissue between magnetic and mechanical attachment points. Conclusions: Conversion of CT and MRI data to printable 3D models can be accomplished rapidly using AI segmentation algorithms integrated into open-source imaging software. Low-cost commercial 3D printers are now able to manufacture detailed objects using diverse materials. This enables pediatric surgeons to create simulators tailored to complex procedural tasks.
Disciplines
Pediatrics | Surgery
Recommended Citation
Lee, Jieun MD, "BYOS: Build Your Own Simulator - Creation of Specialized Surgical Simulations Using AI Segmentation and 3D Printing" (2026). Posters. 529.
https://scholarlyexchange.childrensmercy.org/posters/529
Notes
Presented at the Joint Congress of Pediatric Surgery by ESPES, EUPSA & IPEG 2026; Vienna, Austria; May 20-23, 2026