Publication Date

5-4-2018

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Abstract

Introduction: Required indication, duration, and a 48-hour antimicrobial timeout are an integral part of antimicrobial stewardship standards; however, limited data are available to demonstrate an effect on antimicrobial utilization and antimicrobial stewardship practice. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of mandatory declared indication/duration along with a pharmacy-driven 48-hour timeout on antimicrobial utilization and antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of ASP interventions and antimicrobial use following implementation of mandatory antimicrobial indication/duration at the point of computerized physician order entry (CPOE). A pharmacist-driven 48-hour antimicrobial timeout was introduced on the same date. This study was conducted at Children’s Mercy Kansas City, a 367-bed freestanding pediatric hospital servicing the Kansas City Metro Area and beyond. Data were collected from February 1, 2016 to January 31, 2018. A pre and post comparison was performed; interventions were implemented hospital-wide on February 14, 2017. ASP intervention rates were measured. Days of therapy (DOT) per 1000 patient days of antibiotics were also evaluated. Poisson models were utilized to compare DOT rates pre- and post-implementation, and seasonal decomposition analyses were performed to account for seasonal variability.

Results: A significant decrease in DOT rates was observed in non-ASP monitored antibiotics post-implementation, including cefazolin (39.7 to 36.9; p

Conclusions: Implementation of additional stewardship practices, including mandatory antimicrobial indication/ duration and a pharmacist-driven 48-hour timeout, resulted in a decrease in the use of antimicrobials, including those not monitored by our ASP. These efforts augmented, but did not replace existing stewardship efforts. These results support initiatives highlighted by national organizations to minimize unnecessary antimicrobial use through ASP.

MeSH Keywords

antimicrobial stewardship; pharmaceutical preparations; medical order entry systems; time factors; hospitals, pediatric; pharmacy service, hospital

Keywords

antimicrobial timeout; CPOE; pharmacists

Disciplines

Infectious Disease | Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences | Pediatrics

Facilitating the everyday steward: Impact of mandatory antimicrobial indication/duration and a 48 hour time out

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