Presenter Status
Fellow
Abstract Type
Case report
Primary Mentor
Hayley S. Hancock, MD
Start Date
3-5-2022 11:30 AM
End Date
3-5-2022 1:30 PM
Presentation Type
Poster Presentation
Description
Background: Pulmonary artery thrombus is rare and should be considered in neonates with refractory hypoxia.
Case: Preterm female neonate had persistent hypoxia after birth despite intubation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (FiO2 100%), and inhaled nitric oxide. Delivery was via c-section at 33 weeks 4 days for new onset hydrops and poor biophysical profile. Echocardiogram revealed echo brightness in the lumen of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) with no color flow (figure 1a), concerning for occlusive thrombus. Chest CT angiogram confirmed the diagnosis (figure 1b, c). Hematology was consulted and recommended systemic thrombolysis (tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) with concomitant anticoagulation (Bivalirudin). Imaging 24 hours after therapy revealed a mobile thrombus with antegrade flow through the LPA (figure 1d). After 48 hours, the LPA was patent with no obvious clots and tPA was stopped (figure 1e).
Decision Making: Treatment of thromboembolic events (TE) in neonates requires a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of multiple factors. This event was thought to be acute which led to her preterm delivery. This history and clinical picture made systemic thrombolysis suitable treatment.
Conclusion: Refractory hypoxia in neonates without cyanotic congenital heart disease requires consideration for other rare etiologies. This case highlights the rare case of neonatal pulmonary artery thrombus and the multidisciplinary approach necessary to treat TE in neonates
Included in
Cardiology Commons, Higher Education and Teaching Commons, Medical Education Commons, Pediatrics Commons, Science and Mathematics Education Commons
Neonatal hypoxia due to pulmonary artery thrombus
Background: Pulmonary artery thrombus is rare and should be considered in neonates with refractory hypoxia.
Case: Preterm female neonate had persistent hypoxia after birth despite intubation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (FiO2 100%), and inhaled nitric oxide. Delivery was via c-section at 33 weeks 4 days for new onset hydrops and poor biophysical profile. Echocardiogram revealed echo brightness in the lumen of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) with no color flow (figure 1a), concerning for occlusive thrombus. Chest CT angiogram confirmed the diagnosis (figure 1b, c). Hematology was consulted and recommended systemic thrombolysis (tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) with concomitant anticoagulation (Bivalirudin). Imaging 24 hours after therapy revealed a mobile thrombus with antegrade flow through the LPA (figure 1d). After 48 hours, the LPA was patent with no obvious clots and tPA was stopped (figure 1e).
Decision Making: Treatment of thromboembolic events (TE) in neonates requires a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of multiple factors. This event was thought to be acute which led to her preterm delivery. This history and clinical picture made systemic thrombolysis suitable treatment.
Conclusion: Refractory hypoxia in neonates without cyanotic congenital heart disease requires consideration for other rare etiologies. This case highlights the rare case of neonatal pulmonary artery thrombus and the multidisciplinary approach necessary to treat TE in neonates
